Overview
Cluster headaches affect one side of the head (unilateral) and may involve tearing of the eyes and a stuffy nose. The headaches occur repeatedly every day at the same time for several weeks and then go away.
Some of the causes of cluster headaches may include: Some medications (such as nitroglycerin) heavy smoking, an interruption in your normal sleep pattern Problems with the hypothalamus, which controls your body's "biological clock" The first attack most frequently arises during adolescence or the early 20s. Many patients report that alcohol triggers an attack. Others report that stress, glare, or ingestion of specific foods may trigger an attack. There is usually no family history of similar headaches. A typical cluster headache starts suddenly and without warning
The cause of cluster headaches is unclear, but may relate to a vascular headache disorder or a disturbance of serotonin (a neurotransmitter or chemical in the brain).
Ergotamine tartrate in a suppository, tablet, injection, or aerosol form is an effective pain reliever for some people, but the dosage must be limited to avoid side effects, especially nausea. It may also be prescribed to prevent attacks
Several types of surgery have been used to treat cluster headache. These procedures attempt to damage the nerve pathways thought to be responsible for pain. However, residual muscle weakness in your jaw or sensory loss in certain areas of your face and head may result. The most common procedures are directed at the trigeminal nerve.
- Conventional surgery : - Using a conventional invasive procedure, the surgeon cuts part of the trigeminal nerve with a scalpel or uses small burns to destroy part of the nerve. This form of surgery provides relief for about three-fourths of people with chronic cluster headache.
- Radiosurgery : - In a procedure called radiosurgery, a focused beam of radiation is used to destroy part of the trigeminal nerve. Radiosurgery is a noninvasive procedure with fewer side effects than conventional surgery, but the effectiveness, safety and permanency of the results aren't well established.
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