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Overview

 


What Is Laparoscopic Colectomy ?

Laparoscopic colectomy (Laparoscopic Colon Surgery) is the technique of using the laparoscope whereby a portion of the colon can be removed using several small incisions. These incisions are usually less than 0.5 cm. Carbon dioxide gas is then used to slowly inflate the abdomen & a thin telescope is introduced. This allows the surgeons to view the affected part of the abdomen on a TV monitor. Special surgical instruments are used to perform laparoscopic colon resection. This process is operated under general anesthesia. The gas is removed from the abdomen before the patient awakens from general anesthesia




Right Hemicolectomy


Part or all of the ascending colon and cecum are removed. The colon is then reconnected to the small intestine.


Left Hemicoloectomy


Part or all of the descending colon is removed. The transverse colon is then reconnected to the rectum.


Sigmoid Colectomy


Part or all of the sigmoid colon is removed. The descending colon is then reconnected to the rectum.

 

Low Anterior Resection


The sigmoid colon and a portion of the rectum is removed. The descending colon is reconnected to the remaining rectum.


Abdominal Perineal Resection


Part of or all of the sigmoid colon and the entire rectum and anus are removed. A colostomy will be made. A colostomy creates an opening in your stomach wall so waste can pass from the body.



Why Would I Need A Colectomy ?

This is done to remove the disease causing your symptoms, such as : -

  • Cancer
  • Polyps
  • Irritable bowel disease
  • Bleeding
  • Blockage
  • Diverticulitis
  • Volvulus
  • Rectal prolapsed

For most people, this will cure the problem or at least greatly reduce their symptoms.
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Advantages


Results are different for each procedure and each patient. Some common advantages of minimally invasive colorectal surgery are:

  • Shorter hospital stay
  • Shorter recovery time
  • Less pain from the incisions
  • Faster return to normal diet
  • Faster return to work or normal activity
  • Better cosmetic healing

Many patients qualify for laparoscopic or minimally invasive surgery. However, some conditions may decrease a patient's eligibility, such as previous abdominal surgery, cancer (in some situations), obesity, variations in anatomy or advanced heart, lung or kidney disease.


Morning Of Surgery


Bring all your medicines in their original containers with you to the hospital. You will meet with the anesthesiologist. This doctor will talk to you about general anesthesia. This is a controlled sleep while the surgery is being done so you will not feel any pain or remember the surgery. You will have an IV or intravenous line put in to give you fluid and medicine during your surgery. When it is time for you to go to surgery, your family will be asked to wait in the waiting area. Your doctor will talk to your family there after your surgery is done.


What Happens During Surgery ?

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Incisions


Right sided colon removal requires a 1/2 inch incision near the umbilicus to place the camera. Instruments are placed through three 1/4 inch incision and the colon is extracted using an incision about three inches long.

Left sided colon removal requires a 1/2 inch incision near the umbilicus to place the camera. Instruments are placed through two 1/4 inch incision and the colon is extracted using an incision about three inches long.



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Laparoscopic Colectomy Surgery India offers info on Cost Colectomy Surgery Hospital India, Colon Cancer India, Bowel Cancer India



This procedure is performed under general anesthesia, which means you will be completely asleep. After you go to sleep, a tube will be put into your nose and down your throat into your stomach. This is called a nasogastric tube or NG. It is used to remove secretions in your stomach until your stomach and bowel begin to work again after surgery. You will also have a tube put in to drain your bladder of urine. This is called a Foley catheter. This will stay in for a few days after your surgery.

Compression devices are used to help keep your blood circulating in your legs. These are wraps placed around your legs. There is a pump attached that will put air into the wraps. The air is pumped in one part of the wrap and then another so that your leg is squeezed to help keep the blood in your veins moving, much like your leg muscles would do if you were up walking. This is done to lessen your chance of getting blood clots. These will be used after surgery until you are able to be up and walking.




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Once everything is in position, the surgical team will work together to perform the operation. Monitors are used to observe your vital signs throughout the surgery. There will be stitches used to close the layers inside. You may have staples on the outside of the incision to hold it together after the surgery is done. When the operation is complete the breathing tube is removed. Most patients do not remember this.
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Nutrition


You will not be able to eat or drink anything at first. You may be given some ice chips at times. Once the NG tube is removed, you will start on a clear liquid diet the next day. Your diet will be changed each day, as you are better able to eat foods.


Complications


Complications are possible with any surgical procedure. The following are some complications related to laparoscopic colorectal surgery:


  • Adverse reaction to anesthesia
  • Bleeding in the abdomen
  • Infection in the abdomen or wounds
  • Intestinal obstruction due to scar tissue
  • Leakage from the bowel
  • Heart attack or pneumonia
  • Blood clots in the legs or lungs
  • Injury to other organs

If the operation cannot be completed laparoscopically, the surgeon will make a traditional, larger incision. Reasons for this include bleeding and the inability of the surgeon to clearly view the operative area. This should never be considered a failure, but rather a prudent decision by the surgical team to safely complete the operation.






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