Overview

The heart is a complex, highly specialized, muscular organ in the chest that maintains the circulation of blood throughout the body. Heart attack, or acute myocardial infarction, is the death of heart tissue caused by a complete blockage in one of the arteries that supply blood to the heart (coronary arteries), resulting in an interruption in the blood supply to the heart.Anyone who experiences heart attack symptoms or witnesses a person experiencing a heart attack should seek immediate medical attention


Arrhythmia : -May lead to stroke or sudden death.Read More...

Cholesterol : - As blood cholesterol levels rise, so does the risk for cardiovascular disease.

Congenital/pediatric Heart Disease : - Heart defects are more common than you think.Read More...

Diabetes : - Increases cardiovascular disease risk by two to four times.

Heart Attack : - Can cause permanent damage to the heart muscle — or death.Read More...

Heart Failure : - Inhibits the heart’s ability to pump blood.Read more...

High Blood Pressure : - The single most important risk factor for stroke. Read more...

Metabolic Syndrome : - This group of risk factors includes many of the other conditions that are risk factors by themselves.

Obesity : - Considered a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and heart attack.

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) : - Commonly undiagnosed and can lead to heart attack or stroke.Read More...

Stroke : - The nation's third leading cause of death.Read More...

Heart valve disease : -Heart Failure is a condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.Read More...



Some More Disease Topics Related To Heart conditions:-

Aortic stenosis : -

When stenosis is severe, the aortic pulse curve is classically deformed; the aortic pressure pulse is narrow; and there is a slow rise during systole, with notching on the upstroke (the anacrotic notch). This pulse is referred to as pulsus parvus (small) and pulsus tardus (late)

The pressure difference between the left ventricle and the central aorta during ejection is a direct consequence of aortic valve narrowing. This gradient is small at the beginning of ejection, rises to a peak, and then falls in late ejection.


Pulmonary hypertension : -

This presentation reviews recommendations for 2D and Doppler evaluation of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular function.

participants should be able to : -

Evaluate 2D indicators of pulmonary hypertension.
Evaluate severity of pulmonary hypertension.
Evaluate right ventricular function.
Risk stratify by identifying prognostic echocardiographic indicators.


Aortic regurgitation : -

The murmur of aortic insufficiency is caused by turbulence of blood regurgitating through an incompetent aortic valve from the aorta to the left ventricle. This produces a high-pitched decrescendo murmur, which begins with the second heart sound (S2), lasts through some or all of diastole and declines in intensity as the aortic pressure falls. It tends to equilibrate with the left ventricular pressure. Large volume aortic valve regurgitation is accompanied by a wide aortic pulse pressure and with a rapid rising and collapsing systemic pulse.


Aortic Aneurysm : -

Aortic aneurysms may cause shortness of breath, a croaky or raspy voice, backache, or pain in your left shoulder or between your shoulder blades.
Aortic dissection may cause sudden and severe pain, and patients often feel like something is ripping or tearing inside of them. The pain is mainly felt in the chest, but it can spread to the back or between the shoulder blades. Aortic dissection may also cause sudden stomach pain, lower back pain, or flu-like symptoms. If blood leaks from the dissection and builds up in the chest, the blood may enter the pericardial space (the sac that surrounds the heart) and prevent the heart from filling properly. This can lead to a life-threatening condition called cardiac tamponade.
Abdominal aortic aneurysms may cause pain or tenderness below your stomach, make you less hungry, or give you an upset stomach.
Cerebral (brain) aneurysms may have no symptoms, although you may have headaches, pain in your neck and face, or trouble seeing and talking.


Peripheral Vascular Disease : -

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) involves damage to or blockage in the blood vessels distant from your heart—the peripheral arteries and veins. Your peripheral arteries and veins carry blood to and from your arm and leg muscles and the organs in and below your stomach area. PVD may also affect the arteries leading to your head (see Carotid Artery Disease). When PVD affects only the arteries and not the veins, it is called peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The main forms that PVD may take include blood clots, swelling (inflammation), or narrowing and blockage of the blood vessels.


Diseases of the arteries may lead to : -

Arterial blockage
Aortic aneurysms
Buerger's Disease
Raynaud's Phenomenon


Disease of the veins may lead to : -

Venous blood clots
Pulmonary embolism
Phlebitis
Varicose veins



Valvular Heart Disease : -

Valvular heart disease is any disease process involving one or more of the valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left and the pulmonary and tricuspid valves on the right). Valve problems may be congenital (inborn) or acquired (due to another cause later in life). Treatment may be with medication but often (depending on the severity) involves valve repair or replacement (insertion of an artificial heart valve). Specific situations include those where additional demands are made on the circulation, such as in pregnancy

Symptoms of Heart conditions

Chest Pain or Chest Discomfort :-
Few symptoms are more alarming than chest pain. In the minds of many people, chest pain equals heart pain. And while many other conditions can cause chest pain, cardiac disease is so common - and so dangerous - that the symptom of chest pain should never be dismissed out of hand as being insignificant.

Heart Palpitations :-
Palpitations, an unusual awareness of the heartbeat, is an extremely common symptom. Most people who complain of palpitations describe them either as "skips" in the heartbeat (that is, a pause, often followed by a particularly strong beat,) or as periods of rapid and/or irregular heartbeats.

Lightheadedness or Dizziness :-
Episodes of lightheadedness or dizziness can have many causes, including anemia (low blood count) and other blood disorders, dehydration, viral illnesses, prolonged bed rest, diabetes, thyroid disease, gastrointestinal disturbances, liver disease, kidney disease, vascular disease, neurological disorders

Syncope (Fainting/Loss of Consciousness) :-
Syncope is a sudden and temporary loss of consciousness, or fainting. It is a common symptom - most people pass out at least once in their lives - and often does not indicate a serious medical problem.

Shortness of Breath :-
Shortness of breath is most often a symptom of cardiac or pulmonary (lung) disorders. Heart failure and coronary artery disease frequently produce shortness of breath. Patients with heart failure commonly experience shortness of breath with exertion, or when lying flat on their backs.

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