Overview
What is a Hernia and What Causes a Hernia ?
You may be asked to consider undergoing a surgical procedure for a hernia. A hernia is a weakness or tear in the abdominal wall. A hernia is sometimes called a rupture. Picture an old bicycle tire. Think of the outer tire as similar to the tissue surrounding your abdominal wall (fat, muscle, and other tissue). Think of the inner tube as similar to the peritoneum (lining of your abdomen), but instead of holding air, the peritoneum holds your intestines and other important organs.
Weakened Abdominal Walls
Usually the abdominal wall is strong enough to hold these organs in place, however, sometimes a hernia may form, causing a bulge of the abdominal lining and sometimes tears. A loop of intestine or fatty tissue may push against the abdominal lining creating a sac. You may feel burning or tingling. There is no immediate danger at this point.
Intestines Pushing into a Sac
Generally a hernia forms a bulge as the intestine pushes into a sac. If the bulge flattens when you push against it or lie down, it is called a reducible hernia. There is no immediate danger and hernia repair is necessary.
Trapped Intestines
A hernia where the bulge cannot be flattened is called a nonreducible hernia. If the intestine is trapped it is called incarcerated. Often there is pain and prompt surgery is needed.
Strangulated Intestines
Intestines that become tightly trapped or strangulated lose blood supply and die. Stangulated intestines can block digestion. The pain can be severe. Immediate surgery is needed to correct the block and repair the hernia.
There are two causes of hernias: congenital and acquired. Congenital hernias are weaknesses of the abdominal wall that are present at birth. Acquired hernias are weaknesses or tears of the abdominal wall caused from wear and tear over several years. Both men and women of all ages have hernias.
What Are The Symptoms Of An Inguinal Hernia ?
- Groin discomfort or groin pain aggravated by bending or lifting
- A tender groin lump or scrotum lump
- A bulge or lump is usually seen in children.
How Is A Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Performed ?
During a laparoscopic hernia repair, a surgeon makes small incisions in the abdominal wall, and the abdomen is inflated with carbon dioxide. A laparoscope (a thin, tube-like instrument with a small video camera) and surgical instruments are then inserted through the incisions. While viewing a monitor, the surgeon pushes the herniated intestine back into place and repairs the hernia opening with surgical staples. Mesh is then placed over the defect to reinforce the abdominal wall. General anesthesia is used.
What Are The Advantages Of The Laparascopic Approach ?
There are many advantages to this approach, including quicker recovery and shorter hospital stays, as well as a significantly reduced risk of infection and recurrence.
Patients usually go home within 24 hours after laparoscopic repair as opposed to a longer hospital stay after open repair, and report less pain and quicker return to normal activity.
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