Overview
Resection surgery may be used to remove strictures, either one long stricture or a group of strictures that are close to one another, or it may be used to remove severely diseased portions of the small or large intestine. The goal of the surgery is to keep as much of the healthy bowel as possible. In particular, removing long segments of the small intestine is avoided because it can lead to nutritional deficiencies.
Partial resection of the colon is not typically used to treat ulcerative colitis, as the disease tends to return in the section of the colon that is left. A total colectomy, with or without the creation of an internal pouch, is the surgery most often used to treat ulcerative colitis.
Procedure
During a resection, general anesthetic is used. The surgery may be done either through open surgery or laparoscopic surgery, but open surgery is far more common. Laparoscopic surgery is typically used only in cases where the diseased section of intestine is located in the ileum, and there are no other complications.
In open surgery, one large incision will be made. The diseased section of the bowel is clamped off and removed. After the diseased portion of the intestine is removed, the two healthy ends are attached together (called anastomosis). In laparoscopic surgery, 3 to 4 small incisions are used. The abdomen is filled with gas so the surgeon can better see the abdominal cavity and a camera is inserted through one of the incisions.
Risks
- Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs
- Breathing problems
- Heart attack or stroke
- Infection, including in the lungs, urinary tract, and belly
Small Intestine Surgery
Surgery to remove a diseased or cancerous part of the small intestine (small bowel, duodenum, jejunum, and/or ileum). The surgery can be performed through a traditional, open incision, or using a laparoscopic technique, involving several smaller "keyhole" incisions.
Reasons
This procedure may be done to treat the following conditions : -
- Bleeding, infection, or ulcers due to inflammation of the small intestine
- Cancer
- Crohn's disease
- Intestinal blockage
- Injury
- Precancerous polyps
Resection of the small bowel may be recommended for:-
- blockage of the intestine (intestinal obstruction) due to scar tissue or deformities
- bleeding, infection, or ulcers due to inflammation of the small intestine (regional ileitis, regional enteritis, Crohn's disease)
- injuries
- cancer
- precancerous polyps
Procedure
The diseased part of the small intestine (ileum) is removed. The two healthy ends are then sewn back together and the incision is closed.
If it is necessary to spare the intestine from its normal digestive work while it heals, a temporary opening (stoma) of the intestine onto the abdomen (ileostomy) may be done. A temporary ileostomy will be closed and repaired later. If a large portion of the bowel is removed, the ileostomy may be permanent.
The ileum absorbs much of the fluid from foods. When the large intestine is bypassed by an ileostomy, the patient should expect liquid stool (feces). The constant or frequent drainage of liquid stool can cause the skin around the ileostomy to become inflamed. Careful skin care and a well-fitting ileostomy bag can reduce this irritation.
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