Overview
The vagus nerves are a pair of nerves that start in the brain and run through other parts of the body. They send and receive messages, between the brain and the body. Vagus nerve stimulation involves the implantation of a generator that stimulates the vagus nerve and thus reduces seizure activity.
This surgery is performed under general anesthesia. This procedure of implantation takes nearly 1 to 2 hours. The procedure goes as follows: an incision is made in the upper left chest and the generator is implanted into a little "pouch" on the left chest under the clavicle.
A second incision is made in the neck, so that the surgeon can access the vagus nerve. The surgeon then wraps the leads around the left branch of the vagus nerve, and connects the electrodes to the generator. Once successfully implanted, the generator sends electric impulses to the vagus nerve at regular intervals.The left vagus nerve is stimulated rather than the right because the right plays a role in cardiac function such that stimulating it could have negative cardiac effects.
When the patient has uncontrolled seizures or is not relieved by other epilepsy operations a vagus nerve stimulator is insertes in the neck to give moderately good control of seizures
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