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Home > Treatments > Hip Surgery > Acetabular Fixation           Bookmark and Share Go Back Print This Page Add to Favorites

 


Overview

 


The acetabular cup is:


  • Versatile
  • Secure
  • Minimally invasive surgery compatible
  • Proven fixation


The acetabular cup addresses both the needs of primary and revision surgery. The surgeon can select ceramic, metal or highly crossed linked polyethylene large diameter bearings tailored to the patient’s needs.

The acetabular cup can be converted from a solid to a multi-holed option simply by removing the blanking plugs, thus allowing for supplementary screw fixation.



Acetabular Fixation Options in Total Hip Replacements


Acetabular Fractures, Acetabular Fixation Treatment Mumbai Bangalore Delhi India Osteolysis and loosening, despite great changes in bearing materials, continue to be a problem in total hip replacements (THR). Hybrid fixation, proposed in 1989 to aid such problems, has not completely solved them.2 There are times during surgery that an alternative to the routine, predetermined technique is needed. Recent alterations in cementless femoral and/or cemented acetabular fixation have produced promising clinical returns and have shown improvement in dealing with linear wear and osteolysis.

3,4 Despite these results, cementless acetabular fixation has now become the treatment of choice because of its ease of insertion and predictability. There are times, however, when the bone presents a need for a different means of fixation than that planned preoperatively.

The purpose of the present study was to compare 2 practices—hybrid vs reverse hybrid THR—and then correlate these results with our present-day cementless acetabular fixation results to determine if polyethylene wear, osteolysis, and survival are different.



Materials and Methods


Acetabular Fixation Treatment Clinic, Acetabular Fixation Surgeons India Between 1987 and 2005, a retrospective review of all THR cases using 2 independent series of hybrid and reverse hybrid cementing techniques was performed. Four hundred fifty-nine hips received a hybrid replacement, and 54 hips received a reverse hybrid replacement. A match-case analysis (n=54 hips in each series) was done between the hybrid and reverse hybrid cohorts, including gender, primary diagnosis, age, and body mass index (average follow-up, 5.8 years; range, 2-16.8 years).

Between 1997 and 2006, cementless fixation was used in 1815 hips. All acetabular cups were evaluated for loosening and revision at a minimum of 2 years (average, 4.5 years; range, 2-10.3 years).

All hybrid replacements were done using a cementless universal all-poly socket before 1997 and Trident (Stryker, Mahwah, New Jersey), Mallory Head, or Ring Loc (Biomet, Inc, Warsaw, Indiana) cementless sockets thereafter, as well as a cemented stem. All reverse hybrid replacements were done using a cemented compression-molded all-polyethylene socket and a cementless stem. The auxiliary study of cementless cup fixation was done primarily with second-generation all-polyethylene sockets. Fixation of the acetabular component in reverse hybrid cases followed the cementing technique described by Berend and Ritter.3



Discussion


To determine the best mode of acetabular fixation, one must not only evaluate the fixation but the bearing surface and polyethylene wear as well. The bearing surfaces and wear are small; therefore, fixation is paramount.

Although midterm results for hybrid THR have been satisfactory, problems associated with high polyethylene wear, femoral loosening, and increased pelvic/focal osteolysis are cause for concern. Unfortunately, the polyethylene was not the same.

Postoperatively, the clinical results of the 2 series were excellent. The radiographic evidence of osteolysis and cup liner wear in the hybrid series compares favorably with reported series using a hybrid fixation. Although no studies directly related to reverse hybrid fixation are in the current literature, numerous studies have reported positive outcomes with cemented acetabular sockets5,6 and cementless femoral components.5

Similar clinical success and long-term survivorship was observed in this study’s reverse hybrid series. This is probably due to the institutional cup cementing technique used in reverse hybrid fixation,3 although success with cup cementing is hard to achieve and maintain in standard clinical practices.

This conclusion agrees with the argument that component fixation should be determined by each individual’s anatomy, and whether cement is used should be on a case-by-case basis based on the patient’s hip findings. Unfortunately, in the cemented acetabular cohort we experienced a radiolucent line in zone 1 in 11% of hips, and from our experience this will eventually lead to failure of the acetabular cup in the long term.7 Due to this potential risk of failure and the difficulty of achieving admirable cement fixation of the acetabulum component, contemporary cementless fixation seems to be the more conventional and understandable method of choice for acetabular cup fixation.



Conclusion


This study shows that the reverse hybrid THR, although unusual, is a successful alternative to hybrid THR when a need arises and institutional resources allow. With the exclusion of varying patient demographics (gender, body mass index, age, and primary diagnosis), the reverse hybrid series of 54 hips accounted for excellent postoperative hip performance, mobility, and survivorship, showing clinical outcomes better than the hybrid series following a minimum 2-year follow-up retrospective review. However, because of the overall difficulty in cementing the acetabular cup, the ease and predictability of the cementless fixation, and now the options of modular bearing surfaces, cementless fixation for the acetabular cup must be considered the gold standard.












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